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linux(linux属于什么操作系统)

来源: 更新时间:2023-07-12 00:15:35
The Beginning

  1, 介绍

  LVM是逻辑盘卷管理(Logical Volume Manager)的简称,它是Linux环境下对磁盘分区进行管理的一种机制,LVM是建立在硬盘和分区之上的一个逻辑层,来提高磁盘分 LVM

  区管理的灵活性。前面谈到,LVM是在磁盘分区和文件系统之间添加的一个逻辑层,来为文件系统屏蔽下层磁盘分区布局,提供一个抽象的盘卷,在盘卷上建立文件系统。物理卷(physical volume)物理卷就是指硬盘分区或从逻辑上与磁盘分区具有同样功能的设备(如RAID),是LVM的基本存储逻辑块,但和基本的物理存储介质(如分区、磁盘等)比较,却包含有与LVM相关的管理参数。

  2,创建

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 mapper]# fdisk -l

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 mapper]# fdisk /dev/sdb

  Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

  Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x874c7742.

  Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

  After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

  Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

  WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

  switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

  sectors (command 'u').

  Command (m for help): m

  Command action

  a toggle a bootable flag

  b edit bsd disklabel

  c toggle the dos compatibility flag

  d delete a partition

  l list known partition types

  m print this menu

  n add a new partition

  o create a new empty DOS partition table

  p print the partition table

  q quit without saving changes

  s create a new empty Sun disklabel

  t change a partition's system id

  u change display/entry units

  v verify the partition table

  w write table to disk and exit

  x extra functionality (experts only)

  Command (m for help): p

  Disk /dev/sdb: 96.6 GB, 96636764160 bytes

  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 11748 cylinders

  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

  Disk identifier: 0x874c7742

  Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

  Command (m for help): n

  Command action

  e extended

  p primary partition (1-4)

  p

  Partition number (1-4): 1

  First cylinder (1-11748, default 1):

  Using default value 1

  Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-11748, default 11748): +80G

  Command (m for help): p

  Disk /dev/sdb: 96.6 GB, 96636764160 bytes

  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 11748 cylinders

  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

  Disk identifier: 0x874c7742

  Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

  /dev/sdb1 1 10444 83891398+ 5 Extended

  Command (m for help): w

  The partition table has been altered!

  Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

  Syncing disks.

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 mapper]#reboot or

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# partprobe

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 ~]# fdisk -l

  Disk /dev/sda: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes

  64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 16384 cylinders

  Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes

  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

  Disk identifier: 0x0005b1c0

  Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

  /dev/sda1 * 2 251 256000 83 Linux

  Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

  /dev/sda2 252 16384 16520192 8e Linux LVM

  Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

  Disk /dev/sdb: 96.6 GB, 96636764160 bytes

  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 11748 cylinders

  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

  Disk identifier: 0x874c7742

  Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

  /dev/sdb1 1 10444 83891398+ 5 Extended

  Disk /dev/mapper/VG00-LV_rootfs: 16.4 GB, 16374562816 bytes

  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1990 cylinders

  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

  Disk identifier: 0x00000000

  Disk /dev/mapper/VG00-LV_swap: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes

  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65 cylinders

  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

  Disk identifier: 0x00000000

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 ~]#

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1

  Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdb1"

  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]#

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# vgcreate vg03 /dev/sdb1

  Volume group "vg03" successfully created

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# lvcreate -L 83G -n vgdata vg03

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# mke2fs /dev/vg03/vgdata

  mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

  Filesystem label=

  OS type: Linux

  Block size=4096 (log=2)

  Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

  Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

  5439488 inodes, 21757952 blocks

  1087897 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

  First data block=0

  Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

  664 block groups

  32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

  8192 inodes per group

  Superblock backups stored on blocks:

  32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

  4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000

  Writing inode tables: done

  Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:

  done

  This filesystem will be automatically checked every 23 mounts or

  180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]#

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]#

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# mkf

  mkfifo mkfs.cramfs mkfs.ext3 mkfs.ext4dev

  mkfs mkfs.ext2 mkfs.ext4

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg03/vgdata

  mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

  Filesystem label=

  OS type: Linux

  Block size=4096 (log=2)

  Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

  Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

  5439488 inodes, 21757952 blocks

  1087897 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

  First data block=0

  Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

  664 block groups

  32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

  8192 inodes per group

  Superblock backups stored on blocks:

  32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

  4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000

  Writing inode tables: done

  Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

  Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

  This filesystem will be automatically checked every 37 mounts or

  180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]#

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 spool]# mount /dev/vg03/vgdata /var/spool/repo/

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 spool]# cd repo/

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 repo]# ls

  lost+found

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 repo]# pwd

  /var/spool/repo

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 repo]#

  3,常用检查命令:

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# pvdisplay

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# vgdisplay

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# lvdisplay

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# pvcreate

  Please enter a physical volume path

  Run `pvcreate --help' for more information.

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# vgcreate

  Please provide volume group name and physical volumes

  Run `vgcreate --help' for more information.

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# lvcreate

  Please provide a volume group name

  Run `lvcreate --help' for more information.

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# vgextend

  Please enter volume group name and physical volume(s)

  Run `vgextend --help' for more information.

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# lvextend

  Please specify either size or extents but not both.

  Run `lvextend --help' for more information.

  [root@cn-iss-install-01 /]#

THE END

TAG:逻辑  磁盘分区  文件系统  

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